Table of Contents
Who were the leaders of the First Fleet?
In May 1787, the British government sent a fleet of 11 ships – carrying over 1500 men, women and children – 20,000 kilometres around the world. This historic convoy, later known as the First Fleet, was led by Captain Arthur Phillip. The First Fleet arrived at Botany Bay on 20 January 1788.
Who was the first governor of Sydney?
Governor Arthur Phillip
In 1788, soon after a British settlement was established at Sydney Cove, the first Governor of the colony of New South Wales, Governor Arthur Phillip, laid the foundations of Sydney’s first Government House.
Who controlled the First Fleet?
Captain Arthur Phillip
In May 1787 the First Fleet, commanded by Captain Arthur Phillip (1738–1814), left Portsmouth in England with six convict transports, three store ships and two navy vessels, including the flagship HMS Sirius.
What did Governor Arthur Phillip do?
Arthur Phillip, (born October 11, 1738, London, England—died August 31, 1814, Bath, Somerset), British admiral whose convict settlement established at Sydney in 1788 was the first permanent European colony on the Australian continent.
Why did the First Fleet go to Table Bay?
The Fleet left Rio de Janeiro on 4 September to run before the westerlies to the Table Bay in southern Africa, which it reached on 13 October. This was the last port of call, so the main task was to stock up on plants, seeds and livestock for their arrival in Australia.
Who landed in Australia first?
explorer Willem Janszoon
While Indigenous Australians have inhabited the continent for tens of thousands of years, and traded with nearby islanders, the first documented landing on Australia by a European was in 1606. The Dutch explorer Willem Janszoon landed on the western side of Cape York Peninsula and charted about 300 km of coastline.
Who was NSW first governor?
List of governors of New South Wales
| No. | Governor | Term start |
|---|---|---|
| Governors appointed by King George III (1760–1820): | ||
| 1 | Captain Arthur Phillip RN | 7 February 1788 |
| 2 | Captain John Hunter RN | 11 September 1795 |
| 3 | Captain Philip Gidley King RN | 28 September 1800 |
Who were the first 4 governors of NSW?
A List of Governors of New South Wales
- Captain Arthur Phillip, RN 26 Jan, 1788 to 10 Dec, 1792.
- Captain John Hunter, RN 11 Sept, 1795 to 27 Sept, 1800.
- Captain Philip Gidley King, RN 28 Sept, 1800 to 12 Aug, 1806.
- Captain William Bligh, RN 13 Aug, 1806 to 26 Jan, 1808.
What was Australia first called?
New Holland
New Holland (Dutch: Nieuw-Holland) is a historical European name for mainland Australia. The name was first applied to Australia in 1644 by the Dutch seafarer Abel Tasman.
Who was the youngest convict on the First Fleet?
John Hudson
John Hudson, described as ‘sometimes a chimney sweeper’, was the youngest known convict to sail with the First Fleet. Voyaging on board the Friendship to NSW, the boy thief was 13 years old on arrival at Sydney Cove. He was only nine when first sentenced.
Did Captain Arthur Phillip have a wife?
In July 1763, he married Margaret Charlotte Denison née Tibbott (known as Charlott), a widow 16 years his senior, and moved to Glasshayes in Lyndhurst, Hampshire, establishing a farm there. The marriage was unhappy, and the couple separated in 1769 when Phillip returned to the Navy.
Where did Arthur Phillip explore?
On May 13, 1787 Captain Arthur Phillip led a fleet of 11 ships on a 252-day journey halfway around the world from Portsmouth, England, to New South Wales. They were heading to the recently discovered land of Australia to create a new penal colony. The Fleet arrived in Botany Bay on January 18, 1788.
Who was the Captain-General of the First Fleet?
The Government commissioned Arthur Phillip of the Royal Navy as Captain-General of the eleven ships that comprised the First Fleet and as First Governor-in-chief of a new colony at New South Wales. The voyage of the First Fleet from Portsmouth to the Great South Land ranks as one of the greatest achievements in maritime history.
What was the background and planning of the First Fleet?
Background and planning. The First Fleet was commanded by Commodore Arthur Phillip, who was given instructions authorising him to make regulations and land grants in the colony. The ships arrived at Botany Bay between 18 January and 20 January 1788: HMS Supply arrived on 18 January, Alexander, Scarborough and Friendship arrived on 19…
What happened to the ships of the First Fleet after 1788?
The ships of the First Fleet mostly did not remain in the colony. Some returned to England, while others left for other ports. Some remained at the service of the Governor of the colony for some months: some of these were sent to Norfolk Island where a second penal colony was established. 1788
How many convicts were transported in the First Fleet?
Governor Arthur Phillip rejected Botany Bay choosing instead Port Jackson, to the north, as the site for the new colony; they arrived there on 26 January 1788. The number of convicts transported in the First Fleet is unclear; there were between 750-780 convicts and around 550 crew, soldiers and family members.