What is the difference between bulk specific gravity and apparent specific gravity?

What is the difference between bulk specific gravity and apparent specific gravity?

The bulk or volume specific gravity is based upon the volume as a whole–i.e., the solid material with all included pores. The apparent specific gravity is based upon the volume of the solid material plus the volume of the sealed pores.

Why is bulk specific gravity important?

Bulk specific gravity of aggregate is important information for designing hot mix asphalt because it is used to calculate voids in mineral aggregate and voids filled with asphalt. Periodically, the aggregate is lightly tamped into a cone-shaped mold with 25 light drops of the tamper.

Is apparent specific gravity greater than bulk specific gravity?

The Gsb SSD (bulk specific gravity at SSD) will always be the intermediate value, and the Gsa (apparent specific gravity) will always be the highest, since the volume calculated includes only the “solid” aggregate particle (does not include those voids permeable to water).

What is the significance of bulk density of aggregate?

Bulk density also indicates the percentage of voids present in the aggregate material. This percentage of voids affects the grading of the aggregates which is important in high strength concrete. Bulk density also indicates the compactive effort required to compact the concrete.

What is the difference between bulk specific gravity and SSD bulk specific gravity?

The difference between Gsb and bulk (SSD) specific gravity is the weight of aggregate used in the calculations. The difference between these weights is the weight of absorbed water in the aggregate’s permeable voids. Both use the same aggregate volume.

What is the difference between bulk density and apparent density?

Apparent density is the bulk density of the powder. It provides the mass per unit volume of loose packed powders. A change in apparent density can also indicate a change in the surface roughness of the powder; for example, atomization satellites may reduce apparent density.

What is the bulk specific gravity of fine and coarse aggregates?

between about 2.400 and 3.000
Typically, aggregate used in HMA production will have a bulk specific gravity between about 2.400 and 3.000 with 2.700 being fairly typical of limestone.

What is the apparent specific gravity?

2.1 Apparent Specific Gravity—Apparent specific gravity is the ratio of the weight in air of a given volume of the water impermeable portion of a permeable material at a stated temperature to the weight in air of an equal volume of distilled water at a stated temperature.

Why determination of bulking of fine aggregate is important?

Significance of Determining Percentage Bulking : If the effect of bulking is not studied properly, the concrete designed will have an insufficient amount of sand resulting in a harsh mix and segregation. Bulking of sand will affect the yield of concrete for a given cement content.

What is the uses of bulk density of aggregates & the purpose of determining the voids in the aggregates?

This test method is often used to determine bulk density values that are necessary for use for many methods of selecting proportions for concrete mixtures.

What is the difference between apparent density and bulk density?

Why bulk density is less than particle density?

The dry weight of soil per unit volume of soil; most often expressed on a soil volume basis, rather than on a particle basis. Bulk density considers both the solids and the pore space; whereas, particle density considers only the mineral solids. The weight of an individual soil particle per unit volume.

What is the bulk specific gravity?

The bulk specific gravity is the ratio of the weight of a given volume of aggregate, including the permeable and impermeable voids in the particles, to the weight of an equal volume of water ( Kandhal et al., 2000; Prowell and Baker, 2004; Sholar et al., 2005 ).

What is the specific gravity of an aggregate?

5.9.5 Bulk Specific Gravity The bulk specific gravity is the ratio of the weight of a given volume of aggregate, including the permeable and impermeable voids in the particles, to the weight of an equal volume of water (Kandhal et al., 2000; Prowell and Baker, 2004; Sholar et al., 2005).

What is apparent specific gravity?

Apparent Specific gravity takes into account for the volume of the impermeable voids and not anything getting into the permeable voids of say a stone by water. Q: What is the difference between bulk specific gravity and apparent specific gravity?

What is the typical specific gravity of asphalt?

Typical values for bulk specific gravity range from 2.200 to 2.500 depending upon the bulk specific gravity of the aggregate, the asphalt binder content, and the amount of compaction. Absorption should typically be below 2 percent.